L5M5 시험 - CIPS실제시험문제와 답 - 122문항

Question No : 1

Which of the following tools allows you to assess internal factors or drivers?

A.SWOT
B.STEEPLED
C.GDP
D.ABC Analysis

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
SWOT analysis examines both internal factors (Strengths and Weaknesses) and external factors (Opportunities and Threats). According to the L5M5 study guide (p.55), SWOT is a strategic tool for assessing organisational drivers and making informed procurement decisions. In contrast, STEEPLED analyses external macro-environmental factors (social, technological, economic, environmental, political, legal, ethical, demographic). GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is an economic indicator, not an analysis tool, while ABC analysis categorises suppliers or inventory based on importance and value, not internal strategic drivers.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.55

Question No : 2

Under the Equalities Act 2010, which of the following is not a protected characteristic?

A.Disability
B.Pregnancy
C.Age
D.Weight

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The Equalities Act 2010 provides legal protection against discrimination in the UK. The L5M5 study guide (p.35) lists the protected characteristics, which include disability, pregnancy and maternity, age, race, sex, sexual orientation, gender reassignment, marriage/civil partnership, and religion/belief. Weight is not included as a protected characteristic. For procurement, understanding equality legislation is vital to ensuring suppliers uphold fair treatment of employees and do not discriminate unlawfully. Organisations must embed these protections into contracts and supplier codes of conduct.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.35

Question No : 3

The use of child labour can affect which parties in the supply chain? Select TWO

A.Producers
B.Retailers
C.Suppliers
D.Manufacturers

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
Child labour often occurs in the production stage (e.g., farming, mining) and manufacturing stage (e.g., garment sweatshops). According to the L5M5 study guide (p.252), these unethical practices create risks for procurement, as organisations may face reputational damage, legal consequences, and disrupted supply chains. Retailers and suppliers are indirectly affected but are not the primary locations where child labour is found. Procurement professionals must ensure thorough supply chain due diligence, audits, and supplier codes of conduct to prevent child labour risks in procurement decisions.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.252

Question No : 4

Ruben is buying new machinery for his factory. He chooses a more expensive option after considering ESG factors.
Why might this be?

A.The higher-priced item will be of better quality
B.The higher-priced item is from a more reputable company
C.In terms of life-cycle costing, the more expensive item may be cheaper in the long term
D.The more expensive item will be more environmentally friendly

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
Procurement often considers Whole Life Cycle Costing (WLCC) rather than upfront cost alone. The L5M5 study guide (p.7) explains that while a product may be more expensive initially, it may be cheaper in the long term due to lower maintenance costs, greater durability, and reduced energy use. This approach supports sustainability by balancing financial and environmental impacts.
Options A, B, and D cannot be assumed from the scenario since no evidence supports them. WLCC ensures procurement delivers long-term value, aligning with sustainability goals.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.7

Question No : 5

Which of the following are benefits of sustainable business practices? Select TWO

A.Increased productivity and reduced waste
B.Competitive advantage
C.Weakened performance
D.Increased spending

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The L5M5 study guide (p.7) highlights key benefits of sustainability, including increased productivity, reduced waste (A), and gaining competitive advantage (B) in the marketplace. Sustainable practices often improve efficiency, reduce resource consumption, and build stronger reputations, which attract customers and investors.
Options C and D are incorrect, as weakened performance and higher spending are not benefits; instead, sustainability enhances resilience and long-term cost savings. Procurement professionals must position sustainability not as a cost burden but as a driver of efficiency, innovation, and brand strength.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.7

Question No : 6

Which organisation is responsible for the creation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda?

A.UN
B.NATO
C.ISO
D.ILO

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The United Nations (UN) launched the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, which includes the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The L5M5 study guide (p.4) emphasises that these goals cover social, environmental, and economic priorities, including poverty reduction, climate action, decent work, and responsible consumption. NATO, ISO, and ILO play important roles in governance, standards, and labour rights but are not responsible for the SDGs. For procurement professionals, the SDGs provide a global framework to align ethical supply practices with wider sustainability objectives.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.4

Question No : 7

Red Flag Inc. introduces a new ESG policy and is considering low-cost country sourcing. They need to evaluate suppliers.
Which activities should they carry out? Select THREE

A.Introduce stringent performance management practices
B.Align KPIs to the ESG policy
C.Ensure the supplier has ISO9001 and SA8000 certifications
D.Conduct regular risk assessments to identify risks that may impact ESG performance
E.Select a supplier in their own country, as all low-cost suppliers risk using slave labour

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
Effective supplier evaluation must align with ESG policies. The L5M5 study guide (p.80) highlights
that procurement should establish performance management frameworks (A), ensure that KPIs reflect ESG objectives (B), and carry out regular risk assessments (D). While certifications such as ISO9001 and SA8000 (C) are valuable, requiring them universally may exclude smaller, ethical suppliers unable to afford certification costs.
Option E is unethical and discriminatory, as not all low-cost country suppliers use forced labour. A balanced, risk-based approach ensures ethical compliance while supporting sustainability goals.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.80

Question No : 8

Jan is a procurement manager exploring Low-Cost Country Sourcing.
Which of the following is a legitimate motive for this?

A.To exploit other countries’ natural resources
B.To avoid stringent restrictions in your own country
C.To get free holidays
D.To reduce operational expenses

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The L5M5 study guide (p.71) explains that the legitimate motive for Low-Cost Country Sourcing (LCCS) is reducing operational expenses by accessing cheaper materials, labour, or manufacturing. However, this must be conducted ethically, balancing cost savings with environmental, social, and legal responsibilities.
Options A and B reflect unethical practices, while C is irrelevant. Procurement professionals must carefully evaluate suppliers in low-cost countries to ensure compliance with ethical standards such as labour rights, environmental protection, and anti-bribery legislation. LCCS can create value but must not compromise sustainability or governance.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.71

Question No : 9

What is a monopsony?

A.There is only one supplier of a good
B.There is only one buyer of a good
C.There is only one product available in the market
D.There is only one market to sell the good in

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
A monopsony exists when there is only one buyer in a market but multiple sellers. For example, in the defence industry, a government may be the sole buyer of military equipment such as submarines. This contrasts with a monopoly, where only one seller dominates the market. The L5M5 study guide (p.127) explains that monopsony can create power imbalances, as the buyer holds significant leverage over suppliers, potentially leading to unfair contract terms. Ethical procurement requires recognising such risks and ensuring that dominant buyers do not exploit suppliers unfairly.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.127

Question No : 10

Which of the following is an example of an organisation updating an internal governance standard?

A.A manufacturer achieves ISO 9001 for the first time
B.An IT provider updates an SOP to reflect a new version of cyber security software
C.A construction company begins to pay subcontractors the living wage
D.Shareholders at a publishing house receive an additional dividend

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
Internal governance standards are the policies, procedures, and practices that guide how an organisation operates internally. According to the L5M5 study guide (p.313), updating a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is an example of strengthening internal governance. This ensures compliance, consistency, and risk management within an organisation’s operations. By contrast, achieving ISO 9001 (A) involves external certification, paying a living wage (C) relates to external social responsibility, and paying dividends (D) relates to shareholder rewards, not governance. Procurement professionals must understand governance frameworks because robust internal governance ensures compliance with ethical procurement standards and reduces risks of malpractice.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.313

Question No : 11

A leading coffee retailer advocates buying beans directly from farmers rather than using intermediaries such as exporters.
By partnering with farmers and investing locally, what is this practice called?

A.Fair Trade
B.Direct Trade
C.Greenwashing
D.Trade Initiative

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The practice described is known as Direct Trade. Unlike Fair Trade, which follows certification standards set by external bodies, Direct Trade involves companies directly sourcing from producers, often providing higher prices and more investment in local communities. The L5M5 study guide (p.309) explains that Direct Trade is particularly common in coffee and cocoa supply chains, where companies wish to build stronger, transparent, and ethical relationships with producers. It differs from Fair Trade in that it avoids third-party certification costs and focuses on building trust through long-term partnerships. Procurement professionals must understand both models when sourcing ethically in international markets.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.309

Question No : 12

Opportunities for disadvantaged producers and the payment of a local living wage are principles of which organisation?

A.The World Fair Trade Organisation (WFTO)
B.The International Labour Organisation (ILO)
C.The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
D.The European Union (EU)

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The World Fair Trade Organisation (WFTO) has a set of 10 principles designed to ensure fair and sustainable trade. These include providing opportunities for disadvantaged producers, ensuring the payment of a local living wage, promoting gender equity, and rejecting child labour and forced labour. The L5M5 study guide (p.295) confirms that the WFTO focuses on disadvantaged producers in developing countries, differentiating it from organisations like the ILO, which sets broader labour standards, and the OECD/EU, which focus on economic or political cooperation. Procurement professionals may encounter WFTO-certified suppliers, especially in commodities like coffee, cocoa, and handicrafts.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.295

Question No : 13

Vincent is a Procurement Manager in France. His company is considering joining the EU’s EMAS system (Eco-Management and Audit Scheme).
Which of the following are advantages of doing this? Select THREE

A.It focuses the organisation on improving environmental performance
B.It will increase profits
C.It allows the organisation to prove compliance with environmental legislation
D.It will benefit the company’s reputation
E.There is no cost to set up

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) is a voluntary EU framework that supports organisations in improving environmental performance.
The L5M5 study guide (p.279) explains that EMAS helps organisations by:
Focusing on continuous environmental performance improvement (A),
Allowing proof of compliance with environmental legislation (C),
Enhancing reputation and stakeholder trust (D).
However, it does not guarantee increased profits (B), and there are costs for audits and registration
(E). EMAS can give organisations a competitive advantage by demonstrating environmental responsibility. For procurement, it helps in supplier evaluation, especially within the EU.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.279

Question No : 14

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the ISO14001 standard?

A.It is different across industries
B.Environmental targets are not set by ISO
C.Organisations are mandated to have an Environmental Policy
D.All companies use this for greenwashing

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
ISO14001 is an international standard for environmental management systems. According to the L5M5 study guide (p.277), one disadvantage is that ISO does not set environmental performance targets itself; instead, it requires organisations to define their own targets. This means some organisations may set very easy or minimal goals, limiting actual environmental improvement.
Option A is incorrect as ISO14001 applies consistently across industries.
Option C is a requirement, not a disadvantage.
Option D is an overgeneralisation―while some firms misuse it for "greenwashing," many genuinely use it to improve sustainability.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.277

Question No : 15

The MNE (Multi-National Enterprise) Declaration is designed to promote ethical and sustainable operations by multinational organisations.
Which of the following are prioritised by the Declaration? Select TWO

A.Formal economies
B.Informal economies
C.Immigrant labour
D.Host country labour

정답:
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Documents:
The MNE Declaration, also called the ILO Tripartite Declaration of Principles concerning Multinational Enterprises, sets out guidelines for multinational organisations to operate ethically and sustainably. The L5M5 study guide (p.267) explains that the Declaration prioritises formal economies (regulated, tax-paying, legitimate business environments) and host country labour, ensuring that local workers are not exploited. Informal economies and immigrant labour are recognised but not prioritised in the same way. The declaration is tripartite because it involves three groups: governments, employers, and workers’ organisations. Procurement professionals working internationally must be aware of these principles when engaging multinational supply chains.
Reference: Managing Ethical Procurement and Supply (L5M5) Study Guide, p.267

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