CTAL-TTA 시험 - ISTQB실제시험문제와 답 - 65문항

Question No : 1

You are planning an exploratory test session for the current sprint which includes the following user stories:
User Story AA-008
As a booked customer of Alpha Airways
I want to access an open flight reservation
So that I can update the booking details
User Story AA-012
As a booking clerk for Alpha Airways
I want to access a customer's flight reservation
So that i can view their reservation details
what three things should be considered when creating the session's test charter?
a) What are the user roles specified in the two user stories?
b) What level of coverage and efficiency was should be achieved by the session’
c) Will the session fit within a 60 to 120 minutes time box’
d) Do Will the findings from the exploratory sessions need to be documented?
e) What actions are performed by the user roles according to the acceptance criteria for these user stories’
f) Should the exploratory session be automated’
g) Has the Definition of Done been met for both user stories’
SELECT ONE OPTION

A.a, c.e
B.d. e.f
C.a, b, d
D.c.f.g

정답:
Explanation:
For an exploratory test session, it is important to consider: a) The user roles specified in the user stories, to ensure testing aligns with user expectations and requirements. b) The level of coverage and efficiency to be achieved, to ensure the session is comprehensive and effective. d) The need for documentation of findings from the session, to ensure insights and issues are captured and communicated effectively.
These factors ensure that the exploratory testing is focused, efficient, and its outcomes are actionable and beneficial to the development process.

Question No : 2

Which statement about test automation being applied to a reactive test approach, is CORRECT’ SELECT ONE OPTION

A.Automation of test execution in exploratory test sessions can lead to increased efficiency and wider coverage of user stories
B.BDD can be used within a reactive testing approach by producing automated tests in parallel with the implementation of the user story
C.For projects that must comply with externally defined regulations, the automated tests and their results must be traceable back to requirements
D.An increase in automated test coverage can lead to a greater degree of exploratory testing addressing high risk areas

정답:
Explanation:
Increasing automated test coverage frees up valuable time for testers, allowing them to focus more on exploratory testing, particularly in high-risk areas. This approach leverages the efficiency of automation to handle routine, repeatable testing tasks, while human testers can focus their expertise on more complex, risk-prone areas that require creative and critical thinking.

Question No : 3

Which statement correctly describes service virtualization’’ SELECT ONE OPTION

A.It is a shareable testing service that simulates the behavior, data and performance of a system or service to which the product or component under test would normally be connected
B.It is a service which automatically deploys new versions of the software into the production environment at regular and short intervals
C.it is an integrated set of tools that will automatically compile, test and deliver into a virtual environment a new build of the product under test
D.it is a collection of mock objects such as stubs and drivers that will allow a product or component to run without some other product or component that it would normally need

정답:
Explanation:
Service virtualization is used in test environments to simulate the behaviors, data, and performance characteristics of dependent systems that are not available for testing due to limitations such as cost, access, or complexity. This allows for more thorough testing of the product under test in a controlled, stable environment that mimics real-world conditions without the need for actual live systems.

Question No : 4

Which of the following elicitation techniques is BEST used when questioning a large number of stakeholders specifically to obtain information for non-functional acceptance criteria? SELECT ONE OPTION

A.Quality Analysis
B.Quantitative Questionnaires
C.Qualitative Questionnaires
D.Qualitative Review

정답:
Explanation:
Quantitative Questionnaires are the best elicitation technique for questioning a large number of stakeholders specifically to obtain information for non-functional acceptance criteria. This method
allows for collecting measurable, numerical data from a broad audience efficiently, which is crucial for understanding and defining non-functional requirements such as performance, scalability, and usability

Question No : 5

Which requirements engineering technique would BEST identify how different groups of users may interact with a system, helping to identify gaps and inconsistencies in a user story-’ SELECT ONE OPTION

A.Personas
B.Storyboards
C.Use Cases
D.Story Mapping

정답:
Explanation:
Personas are the best requirements engineering technique for identifying how different groups of users may interact with a system. This technique involves creating detailed profiles for fictional users that represent different user segments. By exploring these personas, developers and testers can uncover unique needs, behaviors, and potential gaps in the system’s design and functionality.

Question No : 6

The following User story is being developed using the 8DD approach:
As a Purchasing Manager
i want to see a list of all Purchase Orders placed so far this month with their total value So that I can control the amount of money being spent
Which scenario is BOTH written in correct Gherkin format AND is appropriate for this User Story9 SEI ECT ONE OPTION

A.Given that three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month AND the Purchasing Manager has navigated to the Purchase Order Reporting page When the Purchasing Manager clicks the button 'List of Purchase Orders placed this month’ Then the 3 orders and their total value of £21.75 are displayed
B.Given that three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month When the Purchasing Manager requests the list of Purchase Orders placed this month Then the appropriate details are displayed
C.Given that I am a Purchasing Manager AND three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month When I request the list of Purchase Orders placed this month Then all orders and their total value of £21.75 are displayed
D.Given that three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month When the Purchasing Manager requests the list of Purchase Orders placed this month Then the 3 orders and their total value of £21.75 are displayed

정답:
Explanation:
The scenario written in correct Gherkin format and appropriate for the User Story described is Option D:
Given that three Purchase Orders with a total value of £21.75 have been placed so far this month, When the Purchasing Manager requests the list of Purchase Orders placed this month, Then the 3 orders and their total value of £21.75 are displayed.
This scenario correctly uses the Gherkin syntax with Given-When-Then structures that clearly specify the context, the action taken by the user, and the expected outcome, making it directly relevant to the user story’s intent.

Question No : 7

Why might static analysis be used on an Agile project’ SELECT ONE OPTION

A.To implement a test-driven approach at the component level
B.To manually identify potential defects and thus avoid technical debt
C.To clarify and simplify code design without changing its behavior
D.To identify the causes of technical debt through the use of tools

정답:
Explanation:
Static analysis is used on an Agile project to identify the causes of technical debt through the use of tools. This approach allows teams to detect potential issues in code that could lead to technical debt if not addressed promptly, thus maintaining the health of the codebase as it evolves rapidly in Agile environments.

Question No : 8

Which statement about test automation is TRUE? SELECT ONE OPTION

A.The term ‘test automation' refers to the automation of test execution
B.Test automation can encompass include the configuration of test environments
C.Creating and maintaining test automation frameworks is better done within the iteration teams
D.it is more effective to have a single automation strategy for large projects

정답:
Explanation:
Test automation extends beyond just automating the test execution process; it also includes setting up and managing test environments and may involve configuring hardware, software, network settings, and other necessary services to enable comprehensive and effective testing. This holistic approach is crucial for maintaining consistency and reliability in testing across different stages and conditions.

Question No : 9

You are an experienced tester on an Agile team that is producing a new application. The product backlog has been refined sufficiently to begin development for the first release. This stories in this backlog contain a mixture of functional and non-functional requirements, as well as some technical stories that will provide elements of the application's infrastructure The developers have decided to use TDD as a deveiopment approach but automation of the acceptance tests is not yet planned. You have been asked to recommend whether or not the team should take an atdd approach as well as TDD.
What would be the BEST recommendation in these circumstances? SELECT ONE OPTION

A.YE
B.use attd, but for the functional requirements only because it cannot be applied to non-functional or technical requirements.
C.YE
D.use ATTD for all requirements including non-functional and technical stories.
E.N
F.do not use ATDD, because it will not work when the acceptance tests are not automated
G.N
H.do not use atdd. because it is not compatible with the developers' TDD approach.

정답:
Explanation:
Acceptance Test-Driven Development (ATDD) enhances both functional and non-functional aspects of the project, providing a collaborative approach to acceptance criteria that developers, testers, and stakeholders agree upon before development begins. Using ATDD alongside TDD (Test-Driven Development) ensures that both the internal system logic and the user-facing features adhere to the specified requirements, thereby increasing the likelihood of delivering a quality product that meets all stakeholders' expectations.

Question No : 10

You are defining the test approach for an Agile project release focused on significantly overhauling the user interface of a golf club's booking system. Additional features will allow more flexible bookings across three courses. These changes are driven by numerous customer complaints about the current system's confusing design and limited options. The release will consist of six two-week sprints.
Stakeholders have performed a risk assessment and consider the impact of system failure as high due to potential customer loss. A regression-averse strategy is recommended due to the extensive changes expected in screen design and functionality.
Which option below represents the BEST test approach for this release? Please use the following symbols consistently:
♦+ (highly recommended)
♦ (recommended)
o (neutral/optional)
• (not recommended) - (not to be used)

SELECT ONE OPTION

A.3
B.1
C.4
D.2

정답:
Explanation:
In addressing the scenario described in the question, the primary considerations for choosing a test approach include the focus on overhauling the user interface, adding new features, and addressing customer complaints in a high-risk environment due to potential customer loss. A regression-averse strategy is also highlighted as critical due to significant changes in design and functionality.
Option D (2) is marked with ♦+ for Exploratory Testing (manual) and ♦ for Black-box Testing, with Test Automation marked as not to be used (−).
This selection aligns best with the project's needs for several reasons:
Exploratory Testing (Highly Recommended): This type of testing is crucial in Agile projects, especially when dealing with UI changes and new functionalities. Exploratory testing allows testers to interact with the system in ways that typical scripted testing may not cover, making it ideal for catching unforeseen issues in new interfaces and features.
Black-box Testing (Recommended): This testing focuses on the functionality of the application without needing to understand the internal workings. Given the UI overhaul and feature additions, ensuring that the system behaves as expected from an end-user's perspective is necessary. Avoidance of Test Automation (Not to be Used): While automation is valuable, focusing primarily on manual testing techniques like exploratory testing is suggested for this specific release due to the extensive UI changes and the need for creative and intuitive testing approaches that adapt quickly to newly developed features.
By using Option D, the test approach supports the dynamic and user-focused nature of the release, addressing both the technical aspects of functionality and the user experience enhancements that are central to this overhaul.

Question No : 11

Payment method can be made using the most popular electronic options
Applying the INVEST technique to this epic, including its acceptance criteria, which of the following
statements is correct? SELECT ONE OPTION

A.The Testable and Valuable criteria of INVEST have not been satisfied
B.The invest criteria have all been satisfied by this epic
C.The Independent and Small criteria of INVEST have not been satisfied
D.The Testable and Small criteria of INVEST have not been satisfied

정답:
Explanation:
The epic described has broad and overarching objectives that span multiple user groups and stakeholders, making it inherently dependent on other functionalities within the same system. This fails the 'Independent' criterion of INVEST, which suggests features should be self-contained. Moreover, the epic's scope suggests it's quite large, likely requiring splitting into smaller, more manageable stories, thus not meeting the 'Small' criterion. INVEST aims for manageable, independent increments that can be developed and validated quickly.

Question No : 12

which statement about test automation is TRUE? SELECT ONE OPTION

A.Test automation will increase the intervals at which continuous deployment to production can be achieved
B.Test automation levels can be influenced by and can constrain the frequency of code deployments
C.When continuous deployment is fully implemented there will be no need for manual testing
D.When continuous deployment is fully implemented it will be necessary to automate only unit and integration tests

정답:
Explanation:
The true statement about test automation is that test automation levels can be influenced by and can constrain the frequency of code deployments. This reflects the understanding that while test automation can speed up the validation of code changes, enabling more frequent deployments, it also requires that the automation is sufficiently robust to handle the pace and scope of these deployments without becoming a bottleneck.

Question No : 13

A stub will be needed to test the payment method
Which pair of requirements engineering techniques are you MOST LIKELY to have used to uncover these issues’ SELECT ONE OPTION

A.Diagrams and Story Mapping
B.Story Mapping and use Cases
C.Personas and Diagrams
D.Storyboards and Personas

정답:
Explanation:
The most likely pair of requirements engineering techniques used to uncover the issues mentioned
with the user story would be "Storyboards and Personas." This approach allows for a visual and persona-based exploration of how different users (such as drivers of different vehicle types and disabled drivers) would interact with the system. This technique helps in uncovering varied user needs and ensuring that all critical user interactions are considered during the development process.

Question No : 14

which statement about test approaches is TRUE? SELECT ONE OPTION

A.Test automation is not suitable when taking a Process-compliant test approach
B.A Regression-averse test approach requires an ever-growing set of automated regression tests
C.in a Model-based test approach, tests can be created automatically
D.When taking a Reactive test approach, Increased test automation will reduce the time available for exploratory testing

정답:
Explanation:
The statement that is true about test approaches is that in a Model-based test approach, tests can be created automatically. This is confirmed by the understanding that model-based testing involves generating test cases directly from a model that describes the system functions, behavior, or both, which supports automatic test creation.

Question No : 15

A new Payroll system calculates the amount of tax that each employee must pay (TaxToPay) on their gross monthly salary (in (), and the net salary (NetSal) that they will receive after that amount of tax has been deducted It also calculates the amounts of tax (TaxPdYTD) and net salary (SalPdYTD) paid in the year to date (YTD) by adding them to the stored amounts from last month (for month 1 these will be zero), inputs Include Employee id (Empid) and Gross Salary this month (GrossSal). Tax Rate is looked up on the key of Employee Id, the amounts of tax and net salary paid in the year to date are looked up on the key of (Employee Id and [month • 1]) except that for month 1 they will be zero.
if both employees were paid the same in month 1 as in the current month 2. for which tax has now to be calculated, which data-driven input and expected output table is correct for this situation? SELECT ONE OPTION

A.Table 3
B.Table 1
C.Table 4
D.Table 2

정답:
Explanation:
Table 2 correctly represents the calculation of tax to pay and net salary for employees of a Payroll system, including accurate representation of tax rates as percentages (not whole numbers), and the correct year-to-date accumulation of salary paid, which aligns with the payroll system's operations as described. It accounts for the logical incrementation of cumulative figures and uses percentage representations for tax rates, which is a standard approach in payroll calculations.

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